International Terrorism Essay Example for Free

International Terrorism Essay A majority of the international terrorist operations and strikes trace their root to the Asian Middle East region, which has become the cauldron of global terrorism. Since over two decades, the Middle East has turned into that most volatile, unstable and surcharged place in world, having seen two major armed conflicts and being home to a number of radical, hardliner and terrorist outfits, including Hamas, Hezbollah, and Al Qaeda. These outfits are collectively responsible for carrying a series of devastating terrorist attacks around the world, including 9/11, Madrid and London bombings, rocket attack on Israel and Mumbai carnage. The problem goes further deeper to reveal a simmering regional and sectarian discontent that further adds to the instability of the region. The common unifying thread among all of these factors is presence of ideological motivation of Islamic Jihad, which has made the entire issue extremely sensitive from political and religious angles. Hamas, Hezbollah and Islamic Jihad Both Hamas and Hezbollah have their origin rooted in conflict between Israel and Palestine since creation of Israel in 1948 (Lutz and Lutz, 2004). A majority of Arab and Middle Eastern countries protested Israel’s creation and tried to liquidate the nation through armed intervention To represent the Palestinian cause, Palestine Liberation Organization emerged 1964, striving for liberation and demand of nationhood from Israel. The organization was formed when all the military and armed strengths of Arab nations was convincingly defeated by Israel in 1948 and 1956 wars and it was felt among radical sections of Palestine that only a guerilla tactics could work against a militarily superior Israel Lutz and Lutz, 2004) . Since its formation PLO worked as an umbrella organization, drawing support from various militant Islamic groups working in the area, chiefly Hamas which aims to create a completely Islamic state in the area. Unlike PLO, which has, in principal, favored religious tolerance and secularity as policy, Hamas has a clearly stated Islamic agenda, which draws support from other organizations of similar ideological base. Hamas is considered by several Western countries, including USA and Israel as a terrorist organization, and it is responsible for carrying out a series of strikes against Israel since its creation in 1987. Since 2002, Hamas has restructured itself to form a political organization and presently it is controlling the Gaza strip of Palestine’s territory (Morgan, 2005). Hezbollah is a Lebanon based political-resistance group, formed in 1982 to protest and struggle Israel’s formation and its conflict with Lebanon (Albritton, 2006). Although, the outwardly the organization is involved in a number of social activities, such as running schools, hospitals, farming counseling services, the core characteristics of the organization have remained military. The organization is considered wholly or partly a terrorist outfit by USA and European nations due to its repeated involvement in terrorist attacks in Israel. Both Hamas and Hezbollah share a strong ideological bond in the concept of Islamic Jihad and they consider themselves committed to this cause. While in the religious terms, Jihad is a personal effort for purity, for all the practical purpose, it has evolved in the concept of Islamic supremacy and dominance over other believer sects. Proponents of Islamic Jihad advocate a sustained campaign, involving ideological and violent means in all degrees of extremity to the cause of complete elimination of non-believers (Morgan, 2005). The commitment to Islamic Jihad has infused both these organizations with radical elements and extended their involvement to various terrorist outfits, from Middle East to India and Indonesia, all of which justify their violent actions by theory of Jihad (Albritton, 2006; Merrit, Gilbert and Reinhart, 2004). Kurdish Conflict Kurdish conflict is one of the major political causes of disturbance in the Middle East. Kurds are a major ethnic-linguistic group spread across various countries of Middle East, specifically Iraq and Turkey where they form respectively 17 and 20 percent of the total population. The total Kurdish population is approximately 30 million, making them the fourth largest ethnic group in the region (Merrit, Gilbert and Reinhart, 2004). However, Kurdish community has a deep sense of grievance and resentment against the political framework of the Middle East, as they have been largely side tracked by almost all the political establishments; to aggravate the issue, some countries even tried to break down their sense of identity and forcibly merge them with rest of the population (Morgan, 2005). Kurd’s persistent demands for identity, recognition and greater zone of influence in politics have brought them regularly in conflict with Middle Eastern political establishment which has tried to suppress repeatedly. Kurds are guided by a strong sense of nationality they view themselves as a distinct nation. In fact, there is a complete sentiment among Kurds, identifying themselves as separate clans with their distinct sense of nationality. This has led to several major Kurdish revolts in both Iraq and Turkey. Former Iraq’s president, Saddam Hussein crushed a series of such revolts ruthlessly in 1980s, resulting in systematic murder of over 5000 Kurds (Lutz and Lutz, 2004). After the end of Saddam Hussein’s rule in second Gulf War of 2003-04, the Kurdish demand for independent homeland has intensified. This demand is supported by the entire Kurdish Diaspora who view a separate homeland as the only lasting and legitimate solution to the centuries of neglect, overlook and ignorance of Kurdish identity and culture by Iraq, Iran, and Turkey. Alarmed at this demand, the radical elements in these countries have collaborated with Islamic terrorist groups and carried out a number of terrorist attacks, that are aimed to wipe out the Kurdish leadership and cause fear in the community. However, the effect of these attacks has been largely opposite as it has led to the feeling among the Kurds that their own nation can be the only guarantee of their safety and security (Teson, 2005). Al Qaeda. Any mention of religious terrorism is incomplete without discussion on Islamic terrorism and jihad ideology which is widely held as the single most potent challenge to the democratic and free world. The most prominent actor in Islamic terrorism is Al Qaeda led by Osama Bin Laden, which has acquired the form of an international organization, recruiting members from all the Islamic nations and using them as against the Western and Asian democracies (Lutz and Lutz, 2004). Al Qaeda acts as veritable global terrorist organizations, with massive fund raising capabilities, central leadership style, and a network of dedicated sub units which are ready to strike at the behest of the central command. In studying the reach and influence of Al Qaeda, analysts found that the prime motivational force used by Bin Laden and other key terrorists in the organization is religious. The origin of Al Qaeda is traced back to early 1980s when then USSR invaded Afghanistan and Muslims fighters from around the Islamic world poured in Afghanistan to fight a war that was given an instant religious color. The religious cause did not lose its appeal for the fighters even after the war ended, and they looked for further challenges which, in their opinion, had contaminated the purified and hence medieval perception of Islam they held (Lutz and Lutz, 2004). This search brought them in immediate conflict with the secular world, which is epitomized by USA. In consequence, Al Qaeda network started targeting US military bases in Saudi Arabia, US embassies in Nairobi, Kenya and Dar-es-Salaam and US warships; the campaign reached its zenith in 9/11 airlines attacks, which was a watershed event in terrorism history (Lutz and Lutz, 2004). Despite US and British campaign against the Al Qaeda network, the organization continues recruit members from religious sympathizers and attack soft targets, as evidenced against recent terrorist attacks in Mumbai. USA has actively engaged itself to eliminate the threat of Al Qaeda, which is logically justifiable, as it’s partially responsible for creation of the terrorist network. Although there has been both international and domestic criticism against USA’s efforts to combat Al Qaeda in Afghanistan and its bordering areas, this strategy has paid dividends and it has severely undermined the organization (Teson, 2005). To completely eliminate the threat of Al Qaeda, a combination of military and political strategies is required where the terrorist network is attacked at its functional, operational and organizational level. USA should ensure the neutralization of Al Qaeda leadership and cadres and simultaneously hold meaningful dialogue with Islamic countries to desist their youths from joining the terror outfit.

Choir Changed My Life :: Narrative Essay

Choir Changed My Life Freshmen year of High School changed my life for the better, although at first I was very reluctant to think so. My mom and her boyfriend had been commuting for two years after he was offered a much better job in Las Vegas. We decided it would be best for me to finish up middle school and freshman year of high school, head out for the gambler’s city. This change was extreme for me and had I not gone, I would have never joined the choir, which is where this story begins. I walked into McKinney North High School (where all freshmen had to attend that year) and signed up for my first year of high school classes. My mom thought it’d be a good idea to join a club or an interactive, fun, and exciting class. I had my doubts at first, but I decided to join the school Choir. I wouldn’t have had much of a problem walking in on my first day, but Las Vegas school’s start a few weeks later than McKinney†¦so they were on their second nine weeks and had all gotten a chance to get to know each other. I on the other hand, walked in and silenced the room. Mr. Nelms, the Choir teacher, introduced me to the Choir and had me sing†¦in front of everyone. I was beyond nervous. Turns out I did OK and I was from then on, an alto. I realized I would be moving to McKinney High School from North after the re-zoning of school’s which I was actually very excited about. I had to face another new choir, and a new teacher Mr. Garms. Mr. Nelm’s referred a handful of us to be in Concert Choir. It turns out I was one of the few. I was too nervous to accept, for I didn’t think I was Concert Choir material quite yet. Turns out I made a lot of friends in Chamber Singers (the choir I ended up in) and couldn’t of been happier with my decision to stay. I was put in Concert Choir again my Junior year but still didn’t think I was quite ready, so again I got out of it and stayed in Chamber. I became the leader of my Choir and was the best sight reader.

“Paglilihi” or Pregnancy Cravings Essay

Many Filipinos, to this day, believe that what you eat and crave for during pregnancy has a direct influence on the physical attributes of the baby. However, scientific studies prove that there is no link between paglilihi and the unborn baby’s physical attributes. As Genetics tell us, our physical attributes are inherited from our parents’ and grandparents’ set of genes and not from food cravings. Reference: Lui B., â€Å"Five Health Myths Many Filipinos Believe†, Filipinonurses.org (http://filipinonurses.org/index.php/2012/03/five-shocking-health-myths-that-most-filipinos-believe/); â€Å"Pregnant Women†, Health Aspect (http://healthaspect.wordpress.com/tag/craving-paglilihi/). Myth #2: Post-labor Stomach Binding It is a common practice for Filipina women to bind their abdomen tightly after pregnancy, believing that this practice helps the uterus to retract and gets the stomach back into shape. However, scientific evidence suggests otherwise. Tying a cloth around one’s tummy can put pressure on the uterus, causing it to bleed. It can also lead to further complications, especially if you’ve experienced a C-section. Evidence also suggests that a combination of diet and mild exercise is the best way to get back into shape after pregnancy. Reference: â€Å"Cultural dimensions of pregnancy, birth and post-natal care†, Queensland Government (http://www.health.qld.gov.au/multicultural/health_workers/filipino-preg-prof.pdf); â€Å"Will using a corset or tying a cloth around my stomach help it regain its pre-pregnancy shape?†, Baby Center (http://www.babycenter.in/x1049750/will-using-a-corset-or-tying-a-cloth-around-my-stomach-help-it-regain-its-pre-pregnancy-shape). Myth #3: Eating twin bananas may lead to twins This myth has many variations, with some claiming that bananas lead to regular twins while others insist on Siamese twins, which is a serious condition wherein twins are born with part of their bodies joined together. However, this myth has no scientific basis, as twin development happens purely by chance or because of your genes (for non-identical twins). Reference: â€Å"Pregnancy Myths and Facts†, Huggies PH (http://www.huggies.com.ph/pregnancy-myths-facts.aspx). Myth #4: â€Å"Usog† or the Stranger’s Evil Eye Usog is an age-old Filipino superstition. The belief states that discomfort (fever, bloating, nausea/vomiting) is brought to the baby by a stranger or visitor who is said to have an evil eye. A simple greeting from the visitor is said to be enough to cause this curse. To counter the curse, the stranger would need to say â€Å"pwera usog† while licking his thumb and applying saliva while tracing a cross on the infant’s forehead. Despite having no scientific basis or proof regarding the occurrences of usog, many superstitious Filipinos believe in the practice to this date. However, this superstition lacks scientific proof. Reference: Ina Atutubo, MD, â€Å"Is â€Å"Usog† for Real?†, Smart Parenting (http://www.smartparenting.com.ph/kids/baby/is-usog-for-real/page/2); â€Å"Usog†, Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usog) Despite the fact that many Filipino superstitions and myths lack scientific explanation, many mothers-to-be still follow them by the letter for two reasons: the â€Å"better to be safe than sorry† mentality, and out of respect for the elders or tradition. Some of these superstitions are harmless, but do take extra care and always consult with your OB-gyne before subjecting yourself or your baby to any healing or cleansing rituals. Keeping a healthy balance between modern medicine and Filipino culture will ensure a safe and healthy pregnancy.

Polarization in Us Politics - 1665 Words

Analyze the evidence that American politics is becoming more polarized. If so, is this a reaction to the polarization of political elites? Approx 1500 words 13/12/10 The election of 2008... marked the end of an epoch. No longer could Republicans count on the basic conservatism of the American people, the reflexive hostility to candidates who favour big government (Darman, 2010, 34) In the 1970s and 1980s there was a consensus that the importance of political parties was in decline, that the shared conservative ideology of the American electorate was reflected in the similar ideology and policy of the Democratic and Republican party. Now, however, the parties are seemingly taking on renewed importance as the population of†¦show more content†¦The red/ blue map shown in Figure one shows how modern Polarisation has manifested itself over the last four elections. The dark red and blue show that those states have voted Republican or democratic respectively all four times. Lighter shades show that party has won all but once, while purple shows states which have gone to the Republicans and Democrats twice each. On first glance this seems to back up the polarization theory, as Fiorina and Adams put it; when the 2004 election almost reproduced the 2000 map, belief in the polarization narrative peaked as social conservatives gloated about the purported importance of â€Å"values voters† for the re-election of President Bush, and liberal commentators bitterly accepted that interpretation.(2008, 564, 565) However when one examines the map in figure 2 which breaks down the 2008 election by county, rather than state. This map seems to throw an interesting side note onto the red state/ blue state theory. While there is seldom a completely red or blue dominated state, in terms of area covered on the map, there is far more covered by republican red. The fact that the democrats won the election with so much less area covered shows that the blue areas are high in population denstity- cities and large towns. Rather than Republican south versus Democratic coasts, Figure 2 indicatesShow MoreRelatedIs Political Polarization Good or Bad for American Politics and Government?963 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Mann of Brookings Institutions writes that, â€Å"in addition to the decline in competition, American politics today is characterized by a growing ideological polarization between the two major parties†. In addition to his opinion, political data has shown that political polarization is increasing and is more readily seen in the way the American government functions in the political sphere. In an article by the University of Rochester’s Campus Times they wrote â€Å"In 1950, the American Political ScienceRead MoreDemocrats and Republicans in the US Congress are as ideologically consistent and distinct as they1500 Words   |  6 PagesRepublicans in the US Congress are as ideologically consistent and distinct as they have been at any point. Both houses in the US congress have become more ideologically polarized in the past few years. Parties have grown increasingly divided in the past years on all major policy dimensions in American politics, Democrats have become more liberal and Republicans have become more conservative and independents are also leaning towards sides now a days. In fact, I believe that political polarization in congressRead MoreThe Aftermath Of The Disaster Of An Election1437 Words   |  6 Pagesinsults sandwiched between obscenitie s. The circumstances of the election illustrated the country’s polarization, even though I believe most of it is an illusion. Political polarization is the difference between the culturally orthodox and the culturally progressive deepening and dividing the country. Issues like gay marriage, abortion, and immigration have been deepening the split as the spirit of politics becomes more about morals than policy. Essentially, the country is being split in two, ideologicallyRead MoreCauses Of Political Polarization1025 Words   |  5 Pagespolitical polarization was formed, and the impact it has on government in modern day. Polarization has varied significantly over the years ever since the 1970’s. However, what is the true cause and can it be explained? This paper will discuss some theories on how political polarization came about, and analyzes some accounts of polarization overall. Defining political polarization is vital into developing an understanding of how or why it was initially formed. Political polarization can be analyzedRead MoreCulture War : The Myth Of A Polarized America, Morris P. Fiorina1007 Words   |  5 Pagestalks of the lack of polarization in today’s politics. â€Å"The â€Å"culture war† refers to a displacement of the classic economic conflicts that animated twentieth- century politics in the advanced democracies by newly emergent moral and religious ones† (Fiorina, Abrams, Pope, 2005, p. 2). Fiorina argues that this phenomenon does not exist; her argument under is persuasive for many reasons. I see the following as the main reasons: the first, is that the media portrays more polarization that there is in realityRead MoreAnalysis Of Divided We Now Stand Essay1169 Words   |  5 PagesThose credible writers all agree that polarization and tribalism affect politicians and citizens. Thus, creating a dysfunctional Washington. Many Americans are aware of the polarization that exists within them and within the government. However, people do not realize the extent of the polarization and the effect that it has on government functions. Susan Page, author of â€Å"Divided We Now Stand† explains that many Americans are aware of the increasing polarization, when a political party influences theRead MorePolitical Polarization Vs Deliberative Poll1747 Words   |  7 PagesMena Soliman Prof. Loren Eason WR 39C 11 November 2015 Political Polarization Vs Deliberative Poll It is not a coincidence that the increased availability of news sources has been accompanied by increasing political polarization. Over time, polarization appears to have spread to the level of mass public opinion (Abramowitz Saunders, 2006; Jacobson, 2006; Abrams, Pope, 2005). For instance, in U.S. politics, Democrats’ and Republicans’ negative evaluations of a president of the other party haveRead MoreTo persuade my audience that a parliamentary system is useful in the US. I. Introduction A.1200 Words   |  5 PagesTo persuade my audience that a parliamentary system is useful in the US. I. Introduction A. Attention Getter: Coalition, or agreement between parties has become rare to politicians. Politics may be out of our age, but we should take interest for our knowledge. B. Reason to Listen: We should take interest because it encompasses our ideologies towards government officials and government issues. C. Speaker Credibility: I have devoted time to speak with federal employees like TSA and undisclosedRead MorePolitical Moderates, By Morris P. Fiorina1353 Words   |  6 PagesFor many of us who would like the be called political moderates, these are troubling times. Despite the repeated calls for bipartisanship and civility, the reality is that the two parties in Congress are very far apart from each other. Not only is this the case, but it is even getting worse. Far to common are the party wars and voting along party lines even when it is their represented constituents who suffer. The days of bipartisan problem-solving seam to be nothing more than a campaign slogan tossedRead MoreExamining Low Young Voter Turnout1193 Words   |  5 PagesOne of our most, and many would argue, the most valuable rights as citizens of a democracy is our right to vote. It gives us a voice in the direction our elected representatives steer our country. Unfortunately, historically young voters are und errepresented due to their low voting turnout. This came as a shock to me being a young voter myself. Growing up in California I was excited about getting the chance to vote, to have a voice as it were. However, this is clearly not the case for all potential

The Contribution of African American Women Essay - 506 Words

The Contribution of African American Women I am not the first. I am not the first Black woman to attend a college or university. I am not the first Black woman to exercise her right to vote. I am not the first Black woman to dream, to be so hopeful for positive change that she sees possibilities in bleakness. I am not the first Black woman to know how it feels to be rejected instead of accepted, to be humiliated instead of acclaimed, to be passed over without lambs blood smeared on her door. I am not the first Black woman to experience America. I stand as a pair of footprints to be made in the sands of time. Before me lay the tracks of my predecessors; brilliant Black women who mastered the art of bending without caving. They†¦show more content†¦Women like Shirley Chisholm made priceless contributions to improve minority life within our nation. They knew why the caged bird sang, but did not want future generations to sing its song. These women possessed the gift of sight and their visions went beyond themselves and their communities. It was not just enough to help a select few; everyone had to gain or there would be no forward motion. One of these phenomenal women, Shirley Chisholm, was the first Black woman ever elected to Congress and the first Black/ woman to pursue a presidential nomination. One of her memorable quotes explains her standpoint on being a politician and a minority: â€Å"I am not the candidate of Black America...I am not the candidate of the womans movement... I am the candidate of the people.† Unbought and unbossed, Chisholm was not afraid to ruffle a few feathers in order to create opportunities for minorities within the United States. Initially, some of her alliances within Congress were viewed as controversial; however they later allowed her to push some of her most important issues to the political forefront. She laid the foundation for the credibility of todays leadin g Black politicians like Condoleeza Rice and Barack Obama. The women of my mother and grandmothers generations made lasting contributions to our society. I have been able to grow in their luminance. Because of them, I have been granted opportunities that theyShow MoreRelatedEssay about Maya Angelou682 Words   |  3 Pagesentertainer, she is known best for her strong portrayal of African-American women. Some of her most outstanding work is the series of autobiographies that she wrote telling about her childhood. Her work has contributed immensely to Americans everywhere. She has also broken many barriers for black women in writing, entertainment, and in film making. Maya Angelou is definitely a positive role model to people everywhere. Maya Angelou has made many contributions through her poetry, writing, songwriting, actingRead MoreEssay on Phillis Wheatley1643 Words   |  7 Pagesprofound writers, has contributed greatly to American literature, not only as a writer, but as an African American woman, who has influenced many African Americans by enriching their knowledge of and exposure to their Negro heritage and Negro literature. As one of America’s most renown writers, Wheatley, said to be the mother of African American Literature, is best known for her sympathetic portrayals of African American thought. Wheatley’s literary contributions are vast in nature and distinguish herRead MoreAnalysis Of Jim Crow s Counterculture1468 Words   |  6 PagesThe book â€Å"Jim Crow`s Counterculture† is developed around the issues of racial discrimination, and development of music as a reaction to employment activism. Through the book development of blues music is understood as detailed journey taken by African Americans and motivated by social factors. Its thematic conc epts are built around a musical biography. The author has an interest in blues music genre, and its development relationship with blacks and whites communities. He adopted a critical approachRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Negro Soldier 938 Words   |  4 Pagesthe short film, â€Å"The Negro Soldier,† the whole focus was to get African Americans to join the military. With the use of propaganda, the U.S. government hoped to promote getting African Americans to want to fight for their country. It hoped to instill patriotism in them. It showed that Germany and the Nazis had no respect for them and considered them the scum of the earth. It also portrayed them being accepted as equals into the American society. 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In the collection was a poem named in Ego Tripping illustrating African ancestry and excellence. The poems title figuratively suggests Giovanni tripping over her own extremely large ego. However, the title of theRead MoreAnalysis Of Patricia Hill Collinss Critical Race Theory726 Words   |  3 PagesThe contributions of female thinkers have generally been overlooked thought-out the years, even though they have an understanding of theory and society similar to their male counterparts. There are many women who have made a major contribution to the development of modern day sociology. Pa tricia Collins is a well-known sociology professor at the University of Maryland, College Park. Her work focuses on several issues concerning issues with feminism and gender in the African American community. She

Managing Multi Generation Workforce - A New Challenge

MANAGING MULTI-GENERATION WORKFORCE – A NEW CHALLENGE IN I.T. INDUSTRY By: Nidhi Chandorkar Bunts Sangha’s S.M. Shetty College of Science, Commerce Management Studies, Powai ABSTRACT: Today is the time which can be marked when we can see four generation rubbing their shoulders more or less happily under the same roof of an organisation. Though these generations show drastic variations in terms of their values, commitments, motivational factors, dissatisfiers, work environment, approach towards job etc., yet every generation has got some exceptional benefits for the organisation. Organisation cannot afford to value any of them less than the others. Talking about IT industry, we can hardly see anyone from the oldest generation who are called as the Traditionalists. As the IT sector has reached its forties you can find atleast three generations Baby-Boomers, Generation X and Generation Y joining hands for the success of the organisation. Easier said than done, managing these three generation has given a tough time to the top managers. The industries have seen their employees below 25 years of age growing into more matured workforce and their changed focus have forced the Human Resource Managers to change their basic policies, which were initially made for care free employees recruited freshly from the campus. This situation has not only posed a challenge in terms of managing the differences but also making them work under same policy framework. This research work helps inShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding And Managing The Generational Gap1203 Words   |  5 PagesUnderstanding and Managing the Generational Gap Julie Boyer Professor Crystal O’Brien BUSN 105 26 November, 2016 Understanding and Managing the Generational Gap The workforce is seeing up to five generations working together for the first time in history. People are choosing to work longer and delay retirement. Ultimately, the workforce could experienceRead MoreGeneration X, By Megan Johnson And Larry Johnson Essay799 Words   |  4 Pagesï‚ § Generations, INC.: From Boomers to Linksters—Managing the Friction Between Generations at Work by Megan Johnson and Larry Johnson Chapter Four: Big Bird, Wayne’s World, and Home Alone: Signposts for Generation X Accordingly, occasionally known as the â€Å"Forgotten generation of all of the four generations,† Generation X continues to redefined that similar to the prior generations, Generation X has made and continues to make historic strives on society as well. First, Generation Xers redefined howRead MoreThe Human Resource Director Of St. Anthony Foundation883 Words   |  4 Pagesre-entering the workforce to highly skilled medical professionals. Multi Generational Workforce The most prominent change in the workforce affecting human resources at St. Anthony’s is the rise of a multi generational workforce. 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Whereas much of the global leadership learning and development is from experience and business challenges, the combination of a leader’s ability to intuitively learn through engagement and predisposition is also recommended. Technological Savvy Significance and Leadership Influences An article posted in the Forbes business section (Forbes.com)

Data security and privacy protection issue in cloud †Free Samples

Questions: 1. Define and explain the concept of the following terminologies: Electronic Records Management; Business intelligence (BI) and Analytics; Data and text mining; Big data analytics and data discovery; Enterprise architecture; Management information systems; Data life cycle and data principles; Cloud computing. 2. How does "data and text mining" create business value? 3.What are the problems associated with cloud computing? Give two examples and provide some solutions.. Explain your answers. 4. Study "Data Quality Determines Systems Success and Failure" in your text book [Chapter 2,IT at Work 2.1] and answer the following questions: Why was an EIS designed and implemented? What problems did executives have with the EIS? What were the two reasons for those EIS problems? How did the CIO improve the EIS? What are the benefits of the new IT architecture? What are the benefits of data governance? 5. Study "Opening Case 3.1: Coca-Cola Manages at the Point That Makes a Difference" in your text book [Chapter 3] and answer the following questions: Why is it important for Coca-Cola to be able to process POS data in near real time How does Coca-Cola attempt to create favorable customer experiences? What is the importance of having a trusted view of the data? What is the Black Book model? Explain the strategic benefit of the Black Book model. Answers: Answer 1 Electronic record management is a program or a set of programs that is designed to store records digitally. Generally a software is used in creation and maintenance of records. Business Intelligence analytics refers to use of different technologies, application and practices for collection, integration, analysis and proper presentation of business information (Chen, Chiang Storey, 2012). Data mining deals with the examination of one or more pre existing database gathering certain required information (Wu et al., 2014). Text mining on the other hand refers to the process of derivation of quality information from text or unstructured information. Big data analytics refers to the idea and strategy of investigating large and different or varied types of data sets, which helps in uncovering the hidden patterns and unknown correlations (Kambatla et al., ). Data discovery is related to business analytics and deals with the collection of data from different databases. Enterprise architecture can be defined as a conceptual blueprint for defining the structure and operations of a particular organization (Lapalme, 2012). It examines how an organization will be able to achieve its goals, both current and future. Management information system can be defined as a computerized database for organizing and managing the financial operations and information in an organized manner (Laudon Laudon, 2016). It is capable of producing regular reports associated with the operations of the management in every level. Data life cycle can be defined as a sequence of stages that gives an overview of a data from its initial generation to its archival or deletion (Chen Zhao, 2012). There are six major stages in a data life cycle, which are generation or data capture, maintenance, active use, publication, archiving and purging. Cloud computing is a process and use of a network based on remote that are hosted over internet that helps in managing, storing and processing the data instead of using a local server. It can be also termed as delivery of computing services over internet (Dinh et al., 2013). Answer 2 Data and text mining helps in analyzing the customers behavior and market competition from the set of collected data. This not only improves competitive advantage in business, but also helps in identifying the latest trends in the market place (Witten, et al., 2016). Since text mining deals with examination of unstructured data as well, it helps an organization in risk and threat detection. Furthermore, it increases customer engagement and helps in taking better business decisions, thus creating business value for the organization. Answer 3 There are certain issues that are applicable to cloud computing. The different risks are as follows (Zissis Lekkas, 2012)- There is a high chance of data breach and unauthorized access to the customer and business data stored over an insecure business network. Therefore data security concern is one of the major problems associated with cloud computing. Cloud computing includes dependency on service providers. For ensuring uninterrupted services, it is essential to acquire a vendor service. Selection of a proper vendor is another major problem associated with cloud computing. The problems associated with cloud computing can be solved by implementing proper security mechanisms such as encryption and authentication to prevent breach of the data stored in cloud computing (Arora, Parashar Transforming, 2013). The problem associated with vendor selection can however be mitigated by the maintaining a legal agreement between the vendor and the client. The cloud computing vendor should be trusted enough to allow data access (Jadeja Modi, 2012). Answer 4 The EIS was developed and implemented to equip the senior managers a proper knowledge of data resources (internal and external) including the key performance indicators (KPIs). The KPIs are associated with their specific requirements. The EIS was a complete failure. The problems that executives found with the EIS was that only half of the data provided by the EIS implemented was associated to the decision making and analysis of the employees at the corporate level. Furthermore, the data was not accessible or available when needed. The two main reasons of the problem are as follows- The IT architecture of the EIS was not designed for customized reporting as it was based on financial accounting rules. The user interface was quite complicated and therefore, the executives could not easily review the KPIs. In order to make the EIS more efficient, the CIO worked with the task force for designing and implementing completely new EA. Proper policies of data governance were implemented in order to standardize the different data formats. The benefits or advantages of the new IT architecture were that, its process was more business driven instead of financial reporting and therefore it was easier to make changes or modify. Furthermore, there was need of fewer IT resources for the system maintenance. The main benefit of data governance is that it eliminates the costly and time consuming ad hoc analysis. Answer 5 POS captures data from retail channels and uses it to create customer profiles. In Coca-Cola, huge volume of data is analyzed in order to make the departments more and better time sensitive. POS data can be analyzed and can be used for supporting the collaborative planning and forecasting and therefore, it is important for Coca-cola to process the important data in real time. Coca-cola attempts to create favorable customers experience by implementing data governance program. It further makes use of the Big data to understand the need and preferences of the customers. Having a trusted view of the data helps in strategic business planning, which further increases the profit margin of the company along with the enhancement of the customers experience. Black Book model brings together the detailed data of the 600+ flavors that is needed for preparing the orange juice for creating a consistent taste. The model helps in specifying the process of creating a consistent taste. The strategic benefit of Black book model is that it defines the specific relationship between the variable that reduces the uncertainty associated with a business process. 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